应金钊研究员邀请，美国加州大学美熹德分校（UC Merced）Roger Bales 和Martha Conklin 教授将于2018年8月31日上午9:00在地环所作报告，欢迎各位老师、同学到时参加。 

　　报告 (1) : Sierra Nevada forests depend on water stored in weathered bedrock during droughts 

　　报告人：Professor Roger Bales, University of California，Merced 

　　Highlights of the presentation 

　　？                      Using satellite-derived indices of vegetation plus climate data, we scaled estimates of plant-accessible water storage across the landscape. 

　　？                      After accounting for precipitation and temperature, regolith (soil + weathered bedrock) properties are a primary determinant of the vulnerability of different sites to the effects of multi-year drought. 

　　？                      Enhanced understanding of subsurface water storage will improve prediction of future impacts of climate change, including drought, forest mortality, wildland fire, and strained water security. 

　　报告时间：8月31日上午9：00 

　　报告地点：研究所3楼300会议室 

　　Dr. Roger Bales is the Distinguished Professor of Engineering at UC Merced, and Director of the university’s Sierra Nevada research Institute. He is a fellow in the American Geophysical Union, the American Meteorological Society, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Over the past 30 years, Dr. Roger Bales has been active in hydrology, water-resources and climate-related research and policy. His degrees include a B.S. in Civil Engineering (Purdue), M.S. in Civil and Environmental Engineering (UC Berkeley), M.S. in Social Science/Economics (Caltech) and Ph.D. in environmental Engineering Science (Caltech). Metrics of Dr. Bales’ scholarship include over 150 papers in peer-reviewed journals, and many more presentations, reports and book chapters. He has published well-cited papers in multiple disciplines, including hydrology, glaciology, paleoclimate, atmospheric chemistry, geochemistry and environmental engineering. His current work is central to California’s efforts to both build the knowledge base and implement policies that adapt our water supplies, critical ecosystems and economy to the impacts of climate warming. He works with leaders in state agencies, elected officials, federal land managers, water leaders, non-governmental organizations, and other decision makers on developing climate solutions for California. He has led several multi-investigator, multi-disciplinary research programs, at UC Merced since 2003, and prior to that at the University of Arizona. He has been active in climate applications both regionally and nationally. He has led development of regional, national and international measurement programs that are critical for understanding climate change and contributing to climate solutions. He has also served on multiple advisory committees, is active in the region, and has an exemplary record of service to the university. Dr. Bales is also an Adjunct Professor at UC Berkeley, and Director of both the UC Water Security and Sustainability Research Initiative, and the Southern Sierra Critical Zone Observatory. 

　　报告 (2) : Role of CZ structure in moderating influences of snowpack loss on headwater meadows  

　　报告人：Professor Martha Conklin,  University of California，Merced 

　　Highlights of the presentation 

　　？                      In perennial meadows, during low snow years and after successive years of drought, groundwater discharge to the surface occurs.  This is usually to be deeper, older groundwater. 

　　？                      This groundwater-surface water interaction is related to the bedrock configuration, with meadows beings areas where shallow bedrock controls groundwater discharge. 

　　？                      As climate changes and precipitation shifts from snow to rain, these perennial headwater sites will continue to shift from unforested wet meadows to forested riparian zones. 

　　报告时间：8月31日上午10：00 

　　报告地点：研究所 3楼300会议室 

　　Dr. Martha Conklin, Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering and member of the Environmental Systems Graduate Group, joined UC Merced in 2003 as one of the Founding Faculty. Her degrees include a B.A. in Physics (Mount Holyoke Conklin), and M.S. and Ph.D. in Environmental Engineering Science (California Institute of Technology). For most of her career, Dr. Conklin has studied water quantity and quality, water movement and the interaction of surface water and groundwater in natural settings. She has published widely on contaminant hydrology of surface and groundwaters, chemical processes in natural waters, and processes controlling water balances in forested and mountain catchments. Her current research focuses on how forest-management actions affect stream discharge in headwater catchments, assessing how better hydrologic data will improve river modeling and forecasting, and determining groundwater contributions to stream flow using natural tracers and modeling. She has been a leader in developing and using distributed measurements in catchment hydrology. Using innovative methods to determine travel times (isotopic tracers), sediment load (load cells) and snow depth (acoustic sounders) and deploying them in high elevation basins, her group and collaborators are developing unique data sets. With other collaborators and using the Sierra Nevada as a laboratory, she is developing a “whole-basin” approach to water-resources management: from headwater-catchment vegetation management to optimized reservoir operations to strategic groundwater recharge on the valley floor. To test the feasibility of this approach, Dr. Conklin is heavily involved in stakeholder engagement and regularly meets with decision makers. She has leadership roles in federal and state research (e.g., Innovations in Food, Energy and Water Systems, and Southern Sierra Critical Zone Observatory) and UC initiatives (Water Security and Sustainability Research Initiative). She has also led multiple K-12 and stakeholder educational programs around hydrology, including under the international GLOBE program and multiple initiatives with local schools and non-profit organizations.